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Romania

EU memberCurrency: RON

Romania is a fast-growing low-cost EU base, popular for fleet domiciliation and east–west work.

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Register the company

  • Form an SRL (share capital from RON 1) via ONRC.
  • Obtain the licență comunitară and copii conforme from ARR (the road transport authority).

Carrier licence (Community Licence)

  • EU Community Licence under Regulations (EC) 1071/2009 & 1072/2009, required for hire-or-reward haulage > 3.5t (and ≥ 2.5t in international transport since 2022).
  • Granted once the company meets four conditions: stable establishment, good repute, financial standing, and a transport manager holding the CPC.
  • Certified copies are issued per vehicle and must be carried on board.

Certificate of Professional Competence

  • A designated transport manager must hold the Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) — pass the national exam or hold an exempting diploma/experience.
  • One transport manager can manage the fleet (subject to a maximum number of vehicles and being genuinely linked to the company).

Financial standing

  • Proof of financial standing: €9,000 for the first vehicle and €5,000 for each additional vehicle (> 3.5t).
  • For vans 2.5–3.5t in international transport: €1,800 first vehicle, €900 each additional.
  • Shown via annual accounts, a bank guarantee or insurance.

Taxes & VAT

  • Micro-company regime (1–3% of turnover) or standard CIT 16%. VAT standard rate ~19–21% — verify the current rate.
  • Diesel VAT deductible.

Drivers & social charges

  • Employer labour cost is low; employer pays the work-insurance contribution (CAM ~2.25%) while most social charges sit on the employee side.

Insurance

  • RCA — compulsory motor liability.
  • CASCO — own damage.
  • Asigurare marfă — carrier/cargo liability.
  • CMR — international cargo.

Tolls

  • Rovinietă time-based e-vignette for using national roads.
  • Separate toll for the Fetești–Cernavodă (Danube) bridge.

Cabotage

  • After an incoming international delivery: up to 3 cabotage operations within 7 days in the host country.
  • Then a 4-day cooling-off period before further cabotage with the same vehicle in that country (EU Mobility Package).
  • Carry proof (CMR) of the incoming international load and each cabotage leg.

Driving & rest rules

  • Regulation (EC) 561/2006: max 9h daily driving (10h twice a week); 56h weekly and 90h per fortnight.
  • 45-min break after 4.5h of driving; 11h daily rest (reducible to 9h, max 3×/week); 45h weekly rest.
  • Digital tachograph mandatory; the EU Mobility Package adds return-home and posting rules.

Country specifics

  • Low operating cost makes Romania a common domiciliation choice — but substance/establishment rules apply.
  • Confirm the current VAT rate before pricing.

General guidance for beginners — rules and figures change. Always verify with official sources and a local advisor. Not legal, tax or accounting advice.